Dietary Recommendations for Gestational Diabetes
Diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy is called 妊娠期糖尿病. Gestational diabetes occurs in about 7 percent of all pregnancies. 它通常出现在怀孕的后半段,宝宝一出生就消失了. 然而,如果不治疗妊娠糖尿病,你可能会遇到并发症.
治疗妊娠期糖尿病的第一步是调整饮食,使血糖保持在正常范围内, while still eating a healthy diet. 大多数血糖控制良好的妇女生下了健康的婴儿,没有任何并发症.
保持血糖水平在正常范围内的一种方法是监测饮食中碳水化合物的含量. 碳水化合物食物被消化并转化为血糖(一种糖). 血液中的葡萄糖是必需的,因为它是你身体的燃料和你的宝宝从你那里得到的营养. 然而, it's important that glucose levels stay within target.
Carbohydrates in food
Carbohydrates are found in the following foods:
- 牛奶和酸奶
- 水果和果汁
- Rice, grains, cereals and pasta
- Breads, tortillas, crackers, bagels and rolls
- Dried beans, split peas and lentils
- Potatoes, corn, yams, peas and winter squash
糖果和甜点, 比如糖, 蜂蜜, 糖浆, 糕点, 饼干, soda and candy also typically have large amounts of carbohydrate.
Carbohydrates in foods are measured in units called grams. 你可以通过阅读食品标签和学习交换表来计算食物中碳水化合物的含量. 控制碳水化合物饮食的食品标签上最重要的两条信息是每份食物的份量和总碳水化合物的克数.
Dietary recommendations
与注册营养师见面评估你的饮食是很重要的. 营养师会计算出你在正餐和零食中需要的碳水化合物的量. You will also be taught how to count carbohydrates.
以下是有助于你维持安全血糖水平的饮食建议:
每天将你的食物分配在三餐和两到三份零食之间
一次吃太多会导致你的血糖升高太多. It is very important that you do not skip meals. 在怀孕期间,你的营养需求增加,你的宝宝需要均衡的营养.
Eat reasonable portions of starch
淀粉类食物最终会转化为葡萄糖,所以不要过量是很重要的. 然而, starch should be included in every meal. 合理的份量是每餐约一杯淀粉,或两片面包.
Drink one cup of milk at a time
Milk is a healthy food and an important source of calcium. 然而, 牛奶是一种液体形式的碳水化合物,一次喝太多会升高血糖.
限制水果的份量
Fruit is a healthy food, but it is high in natural sugars. 你可以每天吃一到三份水果,但一次只吃一份. A portion of fruit is either one very small piece of fruit, half of a large piece of fruit, or about one-half cup of mixed fruit. Do not eat fruit that has been canned in syrup.
早餐很重要
由于激素水平的正常波动,早上血糖很难控制.
精制谷物,水果,甚至牛奶都不能在你的早餐中得到很好的耐受. 如果你早餐后的血糖水平在吃了这些食物后升高太多, then you should not eat them for your breakfast. 由淀粉和蛋白质组成的早餐通常是最容易被接受的.
不要喝果汁
It takes several fruits to make a glass of juice. Juice is a concentrated source of carbohydrate. Because it is liquid, juice can raise blood sugar quickly.
Strictly limit sweets and desserts
蛋糕、饼干、糖果和糕点往往含有过量的碳水化合物. 这些食物通常含有大量的脂肪,提供很少的营养. Additionally, avoid all regular sodas and sugar-sweetened beverages.
Stay away from added sugars
Don't add sugar, 蜂蜜 or syrup to your foods.
Use artificial sweeteners instead of added sugars
以下甜味剂已被批准在怀孕期间可以安全食用:
- Aspartame, which includes Equal, NutraSweet, Natra Taste
- Acesulfame K, which includes Sunett
- Sucralose, which includes Splenda
When a product says it's "sugar-free," take a closer look
Products containing sugar-alcohols are often labeled "sugar-free,“但它们可能仍然含有大量的碳水化合物. 查看食品标签,看看所含碳水化合物的总克数.
糖醇可能有通便作用或引起胀气. The following are examples of sugar-alcohols:
- 甘露醇
- 麦芽糖醇
- Sorbital
- 木糖醇
- 益寿糖
- Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate
一些标有“无糖”的产品确实不含碳水化合物,不会影响你的血糖, including diet sodas and sugar-free Jell-o.
做好食物记录
一定要记录下所有的食物和你每天吃的量, which will help you monitor your carbohydrate intake. Also, use measuring cups for accuracy when possible.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. 它仅用于教育目的,并不打算取代您的十大赌博平台排行榜或其他医疗保健提供者的建议. 我们鼓励您与您的供应商讨论您可能遇到的任何问题或疑虑.